THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PARADIGMS OF RESEARCHING PERSONALITY STRESS RESISTANCE IN CONDITIONS OF PROLONGED CRISIS AND WAR

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to carry out the systematization and critical analysis of the leading theoretical and methodological paradigms of researching personality stress resistance and to determine their possibilities in modern research practice in conditions of a prolonged crisis and war. The research methodology is based on the application of a systematic approach, the principles of scientific determinism, and a multi-paradigmatic analysis of psychological phenomena. The work is based on a combination of general psychological principles of the personality’s systemic structure and specific thematic provisions of the leading world psychological schools: the salutogenic paradigm (A. Antonovsky’s concept of the sense of coherence), the resource paradigm (S. Hobfoll’s theory of resource conservation), the cognitivebehavioral paradigm (R. Lazarus’s cognitive-transactional model, A. Beck’s cognitive concept), and the existentialhumanistic approach (S. Maddi’s concept of hardiness, V. Frankl’s existential analytics). In the process of research, a set of methods was used: theoretical analysis of professional scientific literature, comparison, classification, conceptual generalization, and operationalization of complex psychological constructs. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that a holistic systematization of the paradigmatic space for studying stress resistance has been carried out, which integrates classical approaches with the latest multisystem models (E. Masten, M. Ungar, G. Bonanno) and developments of the modern domestic school (O. Kokun, T. Tytarenko, V. Klymchuk, etc.) in the context of intensive and prolonged military pressure on the psyche. The necessity of overcoming methodological eclecticism through strict coordination of theoretical models with specific psychodiagnostic tools (SOC-29, CD-RISC) is substantiated, and the feasibility of combining quantitative and qualitative methods (narrative analysis, case study) to identify real trajectories of personality stability is proven. Conclusions. It is generalized that stress resistance in modern psychological science appears as a complex multi-paradigmatic construct, the study of which requires systemic integration of cognitive, resource, and existential approaches. It has been established that the methodological success of future research directly depends on the accuracy of operationalizing abstract concepts into specific measured indicators that fully take into account the specifics of wartime and the existential nature of the challenges. Prospects for further research are seen in the transition to the development of integrated methodological models that combine the internal psychological mechanisms of individual stability with the potential for social cohesion and collective stress resistance of society to create a holistic system of psychological security in conditions of prolonged global crises.