ECOLOGICAL COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT METHODS FOR DETERMINING IODINE

Abstract

This study analyzes and compares the efficiency of six methods for determining iodine in natural objects. The accuracy, sensitivity, selectivity, and economic feasibility of these methods were evaluated. The results indicate that only three of the examined methods provide reproducible and objective results. However, two of these methods have significant limitations due to errors in initial methodological developments or the unavailability of key reagents. It was established that the oxidation method with subsequent application of urea and starch is promising for environmental monitoring due to its high sensitivity, rapid analysis, and environmental safety.The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy, sensitivity, and practical applicability of different iodine determination methods in natural objects and to identify the optimal method for environmental monitoring. The object of the study is the methods for iodine determination in natural objects, particularly in soil, plant, and animal tissues used in environmental monitoring. The research methodology is based on a comparative analysis of six iodine determination methods, which differ in their principles of action, sensitivity, accuracy, and selectivity. Experimental studies included testing each method on natural samples (soil, plant, and animal tissues), constructing calibration curves, and evaluating the reproducibility of the obtained results. Additionally, an economic feasibility analysis of the methods was conducted, considering reagent costs and analysis duration. Conclusions. Iodine monitoring in natural objects is essential for assessing its bioavailability and impact on living organisms. The determination of this micronutrient is complicated by its uneven distribution in the environment and chemical transformations, necessitating a comparative analysis of different analytical methods.Iodometric titration with sodium thiosulfate is a fast and simple method, making it optimal for samples with a simple matrix. For complex matrices, an extraction method is more appropriate, as it provides higher accuracy but requires additional safety measures. The method using urea and starch combines high sensitivity, rapid analysis, and environmental safety, making it a promising approach for environmental monitoring, agrochemistry, and the food industry. Thus, the choice of the optimal iodine determination method depends on the sample composition, accuracy requirements, and analysis conditions.