THE INFLUENCE OF LITERATURE GENRES ON THE GENERAL CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOLERS

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to study the influence of literary means on the general cultural development of preschoolers. The study is relevant, because one of the main tasks of preschool education is the formation of general cultural competence in preschoolers. Important aspects for the development of general cultural competence of preschoolers are language skills, creative activity, the formation of spiritual and moral values, and the development of thinking. General cultural development involves enriching the child’s experience and using complex psychological and pedagogical influences (technologies, methods, tools) that contribute to general cultural development. One such medium is fiction. The research methodology is based on taking into account the specifics of the activity and systemic approaches in the process of forming the general cultural competence of preschoolers through the means of fiction.The following methods were used in this research: theoretical (analysis, synthesis, generalization); empirical (observation, conversation, pedagogical experiment).The scientific novelty lies in diagnosing the influence of genres of fiction on the general cultural development of preschoolers and presenting the author’s proposals for the effective use of fiction in the process of forming general cultural competence in preschoolers. The research analyzes the influence of various genres of fiction: author’s fairy tales, stories and poems on the emotional and sensory sphere, moral qualities (politeness, tactful behavior, respect for parents, etc.), cognitive activity, aesthetic perception and speech development of preschoolers, and on preschoolers’ awareness of national and world culture. The psychological and pedagogical aspects of using different genres of fiction in the educational process of preschool education are highlighted. Conclusions. The pedagogical experiment, during which we identified three stages (confirmatory, formative, control) proves that fiction is a significant factor in the formation of general cultural competence in preschoolers.